Question 1

Is a coronary angiogram safe?

Accepted Answer

Yes — coronary angiography is one of the safest invasive procedures in medicine. Major complication rates are under 0.5% at experienced centers. Radial access (via the wrist) is now standard and has dramatically reduced bleeding and vascular complications compared to the older femoral (groin) approach.

Question 2

What do the results of a coronary angiogram mean?

Accepted Answer

The angiogram report describes the coronary arteries and any narrowings. A stenosis below 50% is typically not hemodynamically significant and is managed medically. A stenosis of 70% or more in a major coronary artery usually requires treatment — stenting (PCI) for single or simple disease, bypass surgery for complex multi-vessel or left main disease.

Question 3

How long does a coronary angiogram take?

Accepted Answer

The procedure itself takes 30–60 minutes. Total catheterization laboratory time including preparation is 60–90 minutes. With radial access, recovery takes 2–4 hours and most patients are discharged the same day.

Question 4

What is the cost of coronary angiography in India?

Accepted Answer

Coronary angiography costs $600–$1,200 in India, compared to $3,000–$8,000 in the USA. The price includes the catheterization laboratory, contrast, vascular access equipment, and cardiologist fee. If angioplasty and stenting is performed at the same session, the stent cost is additional.

Question 5

Can I eat and drink before a coronary angiogram?

Accepted Answer

You should fast for 4–6 hours before the procedure (no solid food; clear fluids up to 2 hours before are generally permitted). Your cardiologist will provide specific fasting instructions. Chronic medications — particularly blood pressure and heart medications — should usually be continued with a small sip of water on the day of the procedure.

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